History

McCarthyism was anti communist hysteria which was conductive by a republican senator from Wisconsin named Joseph McCarthy. He use the theme of " Communists in goverment" he used this theme to help himself to get a second time elected in 1952 and during that year all of the republicans gained control of the congres and makes McCarthy to became even more powerful than he was before. McCarthy started to questioned the loyalty of the Secretary of State Dean Acheson and the Secretary of Defense George Marshall. In 1950 McCarthy was given an speech to West Virginia woman's club. His speech was:

As one of our outstanding historical figures once said, " When a regreat democracy is destroyed, it will not be because of enemies from without, but rather because of the enemies fro within".
The reason we find ourself ina position of impotency is not because our powerful potential enemy has sent men to invade our shores, but rather bacause of the traitorous actions of those who have been treated so well by this nation. It has not been the less fortunate or members of minority groups who have been selling this nation out, but rather those who have had all the benefits that the wealthies nation on earth has to offer.
This is glaringly true in the State Department... In my opinion, The State Department, which is one of the most important goverment departments, is throughly infested with Communist..

Margaret Chase Smith of Maine she was one of the first woman that was elected to the U.S Senate, and she was know as the "conscience of the Senate" she had a very good reputation because of her courage and independence in the " Declaration of Conscience" speech on June1.

Margaret Chase Smith denounced the tactics that Joseph McCarthy used in his anti communist crusade. Senator Chase said "that the Americans are sick and tired of being affraid to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as 'Communists' or 'Fascist' by their opponents. freedom of speech is not what it used to be in American. it has been so abused by some that it is not exercised by others" in this speech she didn't mentioned McCarthy but McCarthy thought that speech for him and after he tried to ruin Chase Smith career but his tactics fail that make Ms Smith be reelected in 1954. In the same 1954's he was disapproval by the Senate and 3 years later he became a died broken man...

IMPACT ON AMERICA

Red Scare intended anti-communism in USA in two periods one was from 1917 to 1920 another was from 1940s through mid 1950s. Red Scare spread the fear of communism in USA. This made a lot of socialist and politicians and other innocent people suffer. The nation was full of fear. Innocent people were put into the jail by expressing their ideas on communism, many feared that a revolution will began, and many civil liberties were ignored. A lot of artiest and actress were unable to came back to the stage because of McCarthy’s claim of they were communist or spy. Also it influenced person who associated with communist and propaganda of anti communism was increased. By 1954 after all the difficulties were quite down, many actors and writers were able to return to work. Conclusively, McCarthyism was widely spread in United States in both social and cultural ways that affected many classes of the society and brought conflict in United States.

McCarthyism: The political action of making accusations of Disloyalty, Subversion, or Treason without proper regard for evidence.

Joseph Raymond McCarthy: (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) U.S Republican Senator from the state of Wisconsin. During the Cold War, Mr. McCarthy believed that there were a large number of Communist and Soviet spies on the U.S Government.

Red Scare: Two different periods of "ANTI-COMMUNISM" in the United States.

The Second Red Scare: (1947-57) This period occurred after WWII by the fear of spies in the highest reaches of the Justices, Treasury and States Department.

Espionage: An individual involve of getting secret information without the permission of the holder of the secret information.

Anti-communism: is to be against Communism.

Communism: is a social structure in which classes are abolished and property is commonly controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social movement that advocates and aims to create such a society.

TIME LINE

May 17, 1938- Dues House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
-Created to investigate the disloyalty of the citizens. It was mostly focused on communism.

June 28, 1940- Smith Act
-Congress passed this act to stop the resistance of the communism

April 12, 1945- Roosevelt Dies
-Roosevelt dies of cerebral hemorrhage and Harry. S Truman was elected as the next President

March 5, 1946- Iron Curtain Speech

March 12, 1947- Truman Doctrine
-Truman support the government of Greece in against communism

June 23, 1947- Taft Hartley Act
-Congress passed this act to veto the president Truman on forcing Union to against communist

October 20, 1947- House Un American Activities Committee
-Opens communist act

November 25, 1947-Hollywood blacklist was instituded
-A group of U.S. entertainment professionals who sufferred because of their believes(communism)

August 3, 1948- Alger Hiss Named a Communist
-Alger Hiss named that he was and is a communist

August 25, 1948- First TV broadcast of Congressional Hearing


August 29, 1949- Soviet Atomic Bomb
-Soviet Union successfully exploded the first Atomic Bomb

October 1, 1949- Mao Victorious in China
-Mao declared Chinese civil war won by communist

February 9, 1950- Joseph McCarthy Claims Target
-MCcarthy gave speech to claim target on communist

March 5, 1953- Stalin Dies
-Communist leader Josef Stalin dies of stroke

Who are the Main People Associated with McCarthism & the Red Scare?

When people think of the Red Scare of the 1950s and McCarthyism, the first person they think of is Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy was a Senator from Wisconsin. On February 9, 1950 he made an speech claimed that there is a lot of soviet spies in the goverment and that needs to be end.He was so obsess with it and that make's him to think that every person that he saw are communist, causing a lot of fear in people.

Other key people of this event and time period are Ethel and Julius Rosenberg. The Rosenbergs were accused and later convicted because they were the most famous spies early in 1950's. The Rosenberg were executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage, the charge related to give information about the atomic bomb to Soviet Union. this was the first execution in history in United States. The Rosenbergs denied their guilt, Ethel Rosengber was sentece to electric chair but the Venona message saved her life. John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr show that Ethel Rosenberg did not give information to the Soviet Union. The message migh have prevent the 40 years effort to prove the Rosenberg were innocent of espionage. So that make that the power of the Joseph McCarthy goes down by separating the facts about espionage from his fictions.